The article responds to a very low effectivity of the aesthetical education. The principle reason in the area of goals, contents, means and methods of the aesthetical education is seen in the discrepancy and the estranging of the learners from the school aesthetical education, and the actual children’s cultural and aesthetical interests, needs and values orientation. The article is focused on the area of music where those antagonisms have become most acute. Some more significant researches of the sociological character of recent years — by which this item of knowledge has been proved — are introduced. This fact does not make it possible to investigate the problems mentioned above more deeply or to penetracte behind a mere description of the phenomena. The author himself is taking part in a research in which the facts found out about the cultural participation, its différenciation and quality will be investigated on the psychological level, and with the help of psychological methods of the research.