Comenian concept of school as a workshop of humanity, derived from the concept of man in his relation to the whole world, was mainly inpired by two important trends of preceeding European development; by the culture of Antiquity (humanitas) and by Christianity, especially in the interpretation of the Czech Reformation. The author explained Comenius’s interpretation of the terms workshop and humanitas and his concept of humanity as a chance that can be realized only by means of education. Then the aims, content and method of Comenian/ormatio hominis and cultura universalis are developed. Comenius based it on the concept of man in his relation to the whole world (Nature, Man, God) and explained it as eruditiOy mores, pietas: Apart of the known principles of pleasant, thorough, solid and quick education there has been emphasized Comenius’s concept of the interrelation between freedom and order, spontaneity and discipline and his advices how to solve the problem of their integrity. By explaining the significance of Comenius’s methodological conception of the whole and wholeness the author indicates the utopian character of it in the seventeenth century but the topicality much later in the nineteenth and twenties! centuries.