An analysis of the dominant causes of child delinquency in the most highly industrialized area of the republic has conclusively shown that the decisive role in the formation of good or harmful habits in children up to the age of 15 is played by the moral level of the family. Special attention should be paid primarily to the problems of the parents’ divorce, alcoholism, and the parents being too busy, the parents’ lack of interest in bringing up their children and the parents’ inclination to give up their educational efforts as hopeless. As far as girls are concerned, it has been found that premature sexual habits have a considerably harmful effect on the evolution and development of their volitional qualities and traits of character, such as team spirit, attitudes to work, order and duties, a lower degree of self-confidence, individuality, psychical vulnerability and proneness to ill-humour. A child with established inclinations to committing criminal offences must be placed in a re-educational institution in time — it is a question of a long-term process — no one can get rid of bad habits at once. Each individual, especially a young one, is — in the spirit of socialist morale and education — a matter of immense concern to all of us.