Education of parents as a specialized theoretical and practical activity has been systematically developed in the last two centuries. Nowadays it is a topical problem in the socialist, capitalist as well as developing countries; this is evidenced by the development of institutions for the education of parents, ample literature, many-sided activities of international organizations as well as by the existence of various pedagogical conceptions in the education of parents. In socialist pedagogy we consider education of parents as a component of adult education and as part of the assistance provided by a socialist society to the family and the education of the young generation. Education of parents is understood as pedagogical work aimed at enabling people to fulfil their educational function in the family. The fulfilment of this function presupposes not only some preparation from the pedagogical, psychological, hygienic, economic and social point of view, but, to a certain extent, also mature personalities of parents. Therefore, education of parents deals not only with methods of child care and education, but also with the question of parents personality, parents’ behaviour and skill in solving the problems of family life, which vary as the child grows up. In the course of the last two centuries education of parents has developed into a system, which has its objectives, content, media and organizational types. It is an integral part of the whole process of Communist education moulding an educated, morally mature man, with a high degree of social consciousness.