{"id":171,"date":"2017-03-12T13:31:58","date_gmt":"2017-03-12T12:31:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pages.pedf.cuni.cz\/sc25\/?page_id=171"},"modified":"2020-02-19T12:48:39","modified_gmt":"2020-02-19T11:48:39","slug":"prirodopis","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/pages.pedf.cuni.cz\/sc25\/prirodopis\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159\u00edrodopis"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pr\u016f\u0159ezov\u00e1 t\u00e9mata v P\u0159irodopisu
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

U\u010ditel si vyb\u00edr\u00e1 3 t\u00e9mata z\u00a0jednoho p\u0159edm\u011btu (z organiza\u010dn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br t\u00e9mat nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d p\u0159edm\u011bty).<\/p>\n

1. Botanika \u2013 plody a semena<\/strong>
\n\u00davodn\u00ed evoka\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st hodiny bude realizov\u00e1na formou vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed pojmov\u00fdch map, kter\u00e1 vede k ut\u0159\u00edd\u011bn\u00ed poznatk\u016f o generativn\u00edm rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed krytosemenn\u00fdch rostlin. \u017d\u00e1ci pracuj\u00ed ve dvojic\u00edch, n\u00e1sleduje prezentace vybran\u00fdch pojmov\u00fdch map a v\u00fdsledn\u00e9 shrnut\u00ed poznatk\u016f na tabuli. C\u00edlem \u00favodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti je porozum\u011bn\u00ed procesu vzniku semen a plod\u016f. Praktick\u00e9 aktivity v hodin\u011b se semeny a plody budou realizov\u00e1ny formou skupinov\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce. Jednotliv\u00e9 skupiny vypracuj\u00ed v r\u00e1mci sv\u00e9 aktivity postery. Prezentace v\u00fdsledk\u016f pr\u00e1ce jednotliv\u00fdch skupin prob\u011bhne formou demonstrace poster\u016f a vyvozen\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011br\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 demonstrace praktick\u00fdch uk\u00e1zek materi\u00e1lu (p\u0159\u00edrodnin), se kter\u00fdm pracovali. Reflexe prob\u011bhne formou individu\u00e1ln\u00edho vypln\u011bn\u00ed pracovn\u00edho listu s tematikou semen a plod\u016f, s c\u00edlem ut\u0159\u00eddit si nabyt\u00e9 poznatky a pochopit v\u00fdznam semen a plod\u016f pro \u017eivot rostliny.<\/p>\n

2. Botanika \u2013 morfologie list\u016f<\/strong>
\n\u00davodn\u00ed evoka\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st hodiny bude realizov\u00e1na formou kr\u00e1tk\u00e9ho brainstormingu, kdy \u017e\u00e1ci po porad\u011b ve skupin\u00e1ch sepisuj\u00ed v\u00fdznam list\u016f pro rostlinu. C\u00edlem \u00favodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti je uv\u011bdom\u011bn\u00ed si funkce list\u016f pro \u017eivot rostliny. Praktick\u00e9 aktivity v hodin\u011b jsou realizov\u00e1ny formou \u201ekole\u010dka\u201c skupin po n\u011bkolika p\u0159edem p\u0159ipraven\u00fdch stanovi\u0161t\u00edch. V r\u00e1mci aktivit na stanovi\u0161t\u00edch \u017e\u00e1ci rozli\u0161uj\u00ed listy d\u0159evin (jednoduch\u00e9 a slo\u017een\u00e9), ur\u010duj\u00ed d\u0159eviny, prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed frot\u00e1\u017e list\u016f, pozn\u00e1vaj\u00ed metamorf\u00f3zy list\u016f, pozoruj\u00ed a zakresluj\u00ed trichomy. Pracuj\u00ed podle mo\u017enost\u00ed s \u017eiv\u00fdm nebo obrazov\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem. Na z\u00e1v\u011br v\u00fdsledky prezentuj\u00ed. \u017d\u00e1ci pracuj\u00ed ve skupin\u00e1ch, ale PL mohou vypl\u0148ovat ka\u017ed\u00fd individu\u00e1ln\u011b, po spole\u010dn\u00e9 porad\u011b. Reflexe prob\u011bhne formou spole\u010dn\u00e9 kontroly a shrnut\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f praktick\u00fdch aktivit.<\/p>\n

3. Geologie \u2013 vyu\u017eit\u00ed miner\u00e1l\u016f a hornin<\/strong>
\n\u00davodn\u00ed evoka\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st hodiny bude realizov\u00e1na formou diskuse ve skupin\u00e1ch \u2013 \u017e\u00e1ci sep\u00ed\u0161\u00ed miner\u00e1ly a horniny, pou\u017eit\u00e9 v prostor\u00e1ch budovy \u0161koly, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b ve venkovn\u00edch prostor\u00e1ch \u0161koly. Skupiny kr\u00e1tce prezentuj\u00ed, poznatky zapisuj\u00ed na tabuli.\u00a0 C\u00edlem \u00favodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti je uv\u011bdom\u011bn\u00ed si d\u016fle\u017eitosti miner\u00e1l\u016f a hornin pro ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot \u010dlov\u011bka. Praktick\u00e9 aktivity v hodin\u011b mohou prob\u00edhat formou skupinov\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce nebo pr\u00e1ce ve dvojic\u00edch (vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed pojmov\u00fdch map, zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch vlastnost\u00ed miner\u00e1l\u016f, tvorba poster\u016f). Reflexe prob\u011bhne formou shrnut\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f jednotliv\u00fdch skupin (dvojic) a sestaven\u00edm spole\u010dn\u00e9ho posteru \u201eMiner\u00e1ly a horniny v na\u0161\u00ed \u0161kole\u201c, kter\u00fd prezentuj\u00ed ve \u0161koln\u00ed t\u0159\u00edd\u011b, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b ve spole\u010dn\u00fdch prostor\u00e1ch \u0161koly.<\/p>\n

4. Ekologie \u2013 Allenovo pravidlo<\/strong>
\nBadatelsky veden\u00e1 hodina, jej\u00edm\u017e c\u00edlem je vyvozen\u00ed Allenova pravidla (zv\u00ed\u0159ata v severn\u00edch oblastech maj\u00ed obecn\u011b krat\u0161\u00ed kon\u010detiny a dal\u0161\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e9 v\u00fdr\u016fstky ne\u017e zv\u00ed\u0159ata z ji\u017en\u00edch oblast\u00ed). \u017d\u00e1ci budou pracovat s p\u0159edem formulovan\u00fdmi hypot\u00e9zami a sami vyhled\u00e1vat p\u0159\u00edklady savc\u016f stejn\u00e9ho rodu, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eij\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch \u0161\u00ed\u0159k\u00e1ch (li\u0161ka, medv\u011bd, zaj\u00edc). Na z\u00e1klad\u011b pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed jejich obr\u00e1zk\u016f a porovn\u00e1n\u00ed jejich morfologie vyvod\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed ekologick\u00e9 pravidlo. S pomoc\u00ed literatury zjist\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu tohoto jevu.<\/p>\n

5. Zoologie obratlovc\u016f \u2013 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed pt\u00e1k\u016f na nezamrzl\u00fdch vodn\u00edch ploch\u00e1ch a pr\u00e1ce s ur\u010dovac\u00edm kl\u00ed\u010dem<\/strong>
\nC\u00edle \u00falohy: \u017d\u00e1ci se p\u0159i exkurzi sezn\u00e1m\u00ed s\u00a0druhy pt\u00e1k\u016f, kter\u00e9 se v\u00a0zimn\u00edm obdob\u00ed vyskytuj\u00ed na\u00a0nezamrzl\u00fdch vodn\u00edch ploch\u00e1ch. Nau\u010d\u00ed se tak\u00e9 pracovat se zjednodu\u0161enou verz\u00ed ur\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho kl\u00ed\u010de, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b tento kl\u00ed\u010d dopln\u00ed o nov\u011b pozorovan\u00e9 druhy pt\u00e1k\u016f.
\nOrganizace: Hodina je realizov\u00e1na formou exkurze. V\u00a0\u00favodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti se \u017e\u00e1ci sezn\u00e1m\u00ed s\u00a0bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edmi pokyny pro organizaci pr\u00e1ce p\u0159i exkurzi. V\u00fdstupem bude zpracovan\u00fd protokol (vypln\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159edem p\u0159ipraven\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edho listu). \u017d\u00e1ci pracuj\u00ed ve skupink\u00e1ch, ide\u00e1ln\u00ed je rozd\u011blen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016f do dvojic a\u017e trojic. Cel\u00e1 exkurze je zakon\u010dena prezentac\u00ed protokol\u016f jednotliv\u00fdch skupin, pop\u0159\u00edpad\u011b uk\u00e1zkou po\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch fotografi\u00ed.<\/p>\n

6. Fyziologie \u010dlov\u011bka \u2013 smyslov\u00e1 soustava \u2013 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed chu\u0165ov\u00fdch vjem\u016f<\/strong>
\nC\u00edle \u00falohy: \u017d\u00e1ci ov\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee na jazyku existuj\u00ed m\u00edsta s\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed citlivost\u00ed v\u016f\u010di jednotliv\u00fdm chu\u0165ov\u00fdm podn\u011bt\u016fm. Navrhnou vlastn\u00ed pokus, kter\u00fdm zjist\u00ed, jak\u00e1 je prahov\u00e1 koncentrace roztoku kyseliny citronov\u00e9, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b rozeznat kyselou chu\u0165. V\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edm experimentu podle vlastn\u00edho n\u00e1vrhu ov\u011b\u0159\u00ed, zda se chu\u0165 a \u010dich dopl\u0148uj\u00ed a zda je pro spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 rozezn\u00e1n\u00ed chuti nutn\u00e1 jejich sou\u010dinnost. Zjist\u00ed tak\u00e9, zda zrakov\u00fd vjem m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edchuti a sladkosti n\u00e1poje.
\nOrganizace: \u00daloha je realizov\u00e1na jako laboratorn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 jsou kombinov\u00e1ny badatelsk\u00e9 \u00falohy s\u00a0klasick\u00fdmi laboratorn\u00edmi n\u00e1vody, v nich\u017e \u017e\u00e1ci postupuj\u00ed podle p\u0159esn\u00fdch p\u00edsemn\u00fdch pokyn\u016f od u\u010ditele. V\u00fdstupem je protokol, do kter\u00e9ho \u017e\u00e1ci zaznamen\u00e1vaj\u00ed zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 \u00fadaje. P\u0159i\u00a0laboratorn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci \u017e\u00e1ci pracuj\u00ed ve skupink\u00e1ch o 2 \u2013 4 \u010dlenech.<\/p>\n

7. \u00davod do genetiky s\u00a0vyu\u017eit\u00edm metody CLIL<\/strong>
\n\u00davodn\u00ed hodina do t\u00e9matu genetika s\u00a0vyu\u017eit\u00edm metody CLIL (content and language integrated learning) v\u00a0anglick\u00e9m jazyce. \u017d\u00e1ci budou pracovat nejprve s\u00a0textem, budou vyhled\u00e1vat odborn\u00e9 pojmy. Ve druh\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti hodiny budou izolovat DNA z\u00a0p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu (ovoce).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch z\u00a0t\u011bchto t\u00e9mat je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u00fdstup\u016f projektu, dostupn\u00e9 zde<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pr\u016f\u0159ezov\u00e1 t\u00e9mata v P\u0159irodopisu U\u010ditel si vyb\u00edr\u00e1 3 t\u00e9mata z\u00a0jednoho p\u0159edm\u011btu (z organiza\u010dn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br t\u00e9mat nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d p\u0159edm\u011bty). 1. Botanika \u2013 plody a semena \u00davodn\u00ed evoka\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st hodiny bude realizov\u00e1na formou vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed pojmov\u00fdch map, kter\u00e1 vede k ut\u0159\u00edd\u011bn\u00ed poznatk\u016f o generativn\u00edm rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed krytosemenn\u00fdch rostlin. \u017d\u00e1ci pracuj\u00ed ve dvojic\u00edch, n\u00e1sleduje prezentace vybran\u00fdch pojmov\u00fdch map … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":465,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-171","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.pedf.cuni.cz\/sc25\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/171","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.pedf.cuni.cz\/sc25\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.pedf.cuni.cz\/sc25\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.pedf.cuni.cz\/sc25\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/465"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.pedf.cuni.cz\/sc25\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=171"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/pages.pedf.cuni.cz\/sc25\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/171\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1532,"href":"https:\/\/pages.pedf.cuni.cz\/sc25\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/171\/revisions\/1532"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.pedf.cuni.cz\/sc25\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=171"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}