The Czech textbooks of pedagogy or didactics of the 1960s mentioned, besides didactic (teaching) principles, also pedagogical principles (Pešek, Z.: Didactics) or general basic principles of educational work (Chlup, O. — Kopecký, J.: Pedagogy). The Dictionary of Pedagogy, which was published in 1967 (Part II), contains only the pedagogical principles that com prise both didactic (teaching) principles and the basic general principles.
The questions of didactic principles is also analysed in other publications (Jůva, V.: Pedagogy as a Science, Kořínek, M.: Didactics of the Elementary School).
In a similar way, didactic and pedagogical principles were analysed and compared in four Soviet textbooks which appeared in Czechoslovakia in the years 1952-1958, and in another four Soviet textbook which appeared in Czechoslovakia in the late seventies and early eighties.
On the basis of the com parisons that have been carried out it can be ascertained that in the course of the thirty-year development of the Soviet and Czechoslovak pedagogics the most frequently mentioned didactic principles in the textbooks of didactics or pedagogy were the following: 1. the principle of scientifically based teaching, 2. link-up of theory with practice, 3. object teaching, 4. consciousness and activity of pupils, 5. consistency, 6. appropriateness and individual ap proach to pupils, 7. permanence.