(CZ) Všeobecné vzdělání v učňovském školství a jeho vývoj od osvobození ČSSR
(EN) General Education the Apprentice scholls System and the Development of It Since the Liberation of Czechoslovakia

The essay deals with the development of the relation of general and special education in the training of youth for workmen's profession, in connection with economic, social and cultural policy of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and the state in the last fourty years. The introduction of general education subjects and special subjects aimed at individual professions to curricula of apprentice schools helped gradually displace original subjects mostly of petite bourgeoisie character, harmonize theoretical lessons and apprentice training and consequently contributed to increasing the prestige of this school sphere in relation to the historic role of the working class in the society.
Radical change in this direction took place after the February events of 1948, when general and special and professionally differentiated subject matter was fully enforced into apprentice schools-centres according to apprentice professions at last. The introduction of apprentice training to the complex of educationall activity of these educational facilities led to the change of conception of all subjects in general as well as in concrete cases of apprentice profesions. The problem of the relation of the aim of education in the apprentice centres was being solved gradually, firstly from the point of view of forming of a personality of a future active citizen of the socialist state and of a skilled worker. The matter wa^ then to harmonize the professional and the social and political sides of preparation of the working youth.
The optimal solution of this problem during delimination of the matter of individual subjects and enforcing intersubject relations contributed also to finding adequate ways of providing complete the most capable apprenticeship leavers with complete secondary education. Essentially the matter was the ways be non-complicated, displacing administrative and time obstacles to reach the given goal. After various experiments nowadays solution was arrived to — that of secondary vocational apprentice centres.
It must be admitted that not always realization of goal — directed and perspective measures corresponded to the political purposes of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and the state, it appeared in the most striking way during the deep social crisis in the late sixties. Only after overcoming serious crisis phenomena scientific solution of the basic problem of the present article could have been approached.